Composition of matter for alloys



Patented June 8, 1926;

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

RAY L. SPITZLEY AND ALLEN M. THOMPSON. or DETROIT, MICHIGAN, AssIoNoRsTO ALLOYS FOUNDRY COMPANY, 015 DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OFMICHI- any.

No Drawing- Original application filed November 15, 1824, Serial No.750,132.-

COMPOSITION, or MATTER son ALLoYs.

cation filed May 22, 1925. Serial No. 32,182.

The alloy herein set forth is a division of the patent application filedby these 1nventors under the date of Nov. 15, 1924,in

the United States Patent Ofiice, under-the Series Number 750,132, andaccording to a division required therein.

Our invention relates to a composition of metals and elements suitablefor making a non-oxidizing, heat resisting alloy, and having specialproperties for making it immune from the effects of highly oxidizingflames.

The object of our invention is to produce an alloy suitable for makinghigh speed valve castings, and which willinstantly fuse to the surfaceof inserted steel parts yet solidify before melting or changingthesteel.

Another object is to produce analloy having special properties forresisting any molecular change in the metal even when subjected to heatapproaching the melting point of the alloy.

A further object is to produce a nonoxidizing alloy that will not scaleor pit under highly oxidizing conditions.

A further object is to produce an alloy that may also be rolledinto-sheets or drawn into bars without destroying or changing thestructure of the alloy.

The special purpose for which this alloy was originally designed was formanufac turing valve castings for high speed engines, and where they aresubjected to high heat temperatures and highly oxidizing conditions, yetthe alloy is equally as well adapted to any casting of similar nature orplaced under similar conditions, and while we describe its use andapplication to an engine valve, we include and intend to include thereinthe application of this'alloy to any casting, or use, subjected tosimilar operating conditions.

It is the general practice, or commonly known, that in the manufacturingof certain types of valves for high speed gas engines, where hightemperatures and oxidizing conditions prevail, the valve is made of atwo piece construction, using a turned steel valve l,eak, becominguseless.

metal in the valves subjectedto these conditlons, ordinarily will failbecause of scaling,

Divided and this ap le pitting or warping, and are annealed un- 1 'derthe constant high temperature of the burning gas, causing the valve tojam and I Because of these verity of the engine shocks when operatingunder high speed, the two piece valves must fuse the two metals togetherintoa solid piece. I This requires an alloy of an extremely high meltingpoint which will insure instant fusing with the surface of steel partsinserted therein within the mold, yet solidify quickly before destroyingor changing the inclosed steel part. Our alloy is especially adapted tomeet all of these conditions as are required for Valve castings, andfor,"

other castings where used under high heat temperatin'e.-.- and subjectedtoa highly oxidizing flame, and possess a non-oxidizing and heatresisting properties even to nearly the melting point of the metal.

Inpreparing our alloy we use the following elements; nickel, chromium,manganese," iron, silicon and tungsten. The preferred proportions usedfor producing an .alloypf the highest heat resisting properties, are asfollows given in percentage by weight:

Per cent. Nickel ms Chromium i 8 Manganese 7 Iron 26 Silicon 2 Tungsten1 This allov has a melting point between 3000 and 4000 degreesFahrenheit, and will fuse to the surface of steel parts instantly uponcontact therewith. solidifying before changing or distorting theinclosed steelsection.

The silicon and manganese combining to form a non-oxidizing property,preventing the scaling or pitting of the metal under highly oxidizingconditions.

While the foregoing sets forth the preferre d proportions it is obviousthat a variation ofthese proportions between certain limits may be made.producing different grades of alloy, without departing-from ourinvention. Very good results are obtained by varying the proportions ofthe elements between the following limiting proportions given inpercentage by weight Per cent.

Nickel fromuu 50 to 60 Chromium from 5 to Manganese from 2 to 12 Irontro1n 15 to 35 Silicon from to 4 'lfungsten from to 3 As the proportionsof any one or more of the above elements are varied, it is obvious thegrade, and the resulting resisting propcities of the alloy will also bevaried ac- Qcidiiigly, and may be predetermined as desired for anyparticular grade, depending upon the requirements in the place in whichit is to be used.

It is known, and has been determined by these inventors, thatnickel-andcobalt having very similar properties and belonging to thesame group (and being the only metals of the nickel grouo .hereinreferred to or included), that the substitution of the cobalt in theplace of the nickel will produce an alloy of the same properties, theresuits being almost identical. We, therefore, claim the right tosubstitute the cobalt in the place of the nickel throughout this patent,and without departing from our invention.

Very good results have been obtained by substituting aluminum in theabove formula for the metal tungsten for the hardening agency, althoughthe resulting alloy does not possess as high heat resistingandnon-oxidizing properties yet will produce a very good commercialcasting.

Having full described our composition for an alloy, w iat we claim as'ourinvention and desire to secure by 1. A non-oxidizing, heat resistingalloy Letters Patent is adapted for using with cast-in steel parts,comprising nickel 56 percent, chromium 8 percent, manganese 7 percent,iron 26 percent, silicon 2 percent, tungsten 1 percent.

22.15.11 alloy having high non-oxidizing and heat resisting properties,comprising percent of metals from the nickel group, 8 percent ofchroi'nium, 7 percent of manganese, 26 percent iron, 2 percentsilicon,and 1 percent tungsten.

A non-oxidizing allo Y comprising lot from :30 to 60 percent nicltcl,from 5 to ll) percent chromium, from 2 to 12 percent manganese, from 15to percent iron, from to -l percent silicon, from /,;.to 2 percenttungsten.

A non-oxidizable, heat resisting alloy adapted for making combinationcastings of alloy and cast-in steel parts, comprising nickel 56 percent,chromium 9 percent, man

ganese 7 percent, iron percent, and silicon 2 percent. I

5. An alloy having high non-oxidizing and heat resisting properties,adapted for iii-airing castings having steel cast-in parts, comprisingnickel 56 percent, chromium 9 percent, manganese 9' percent, and iron 26percent.

(3. An alloy comprising nickel percent, chromium 8 percent, manganese 9percent, iron 26 percent, and tungsten 1 percent.

7. A non-oxidizing, heat resisting alloy adapted for casting metal partsin combination with steel parts, comprising metal of the nickel group 56percent, chromium 9 percent, manganese 9 percent, and iron 26 percent.

In Witness whereof We sign this specification.

RAY L. SPITZLEY. ALLEN M. THOMPSON.

